Satellite skills and knowledge for operational meteorologist
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Webcast on the detection and monitoring of convective storms by using MSG imagea and products.
Aydin Erturk (TSMS) present on the "Detection and Monitoring Convective Storms by Using MSG Image and Products". The MSG SEVIRI is crucial data source for the nowcasting applications. Storm top features with IR imagery were well defined and published. MSGView software being operationally used for detection and monitoring convective storms at Turkish State Meteorological Service. Two case studies (a cold U/V and a cold ring shape) were demonstrated and discussed in this presentation.
Webcast on the use of IR8.7 for the detection of deep moisture convection.
Presentation given by Thomas Krennert (ZAMG) on the use of the IR8.7 channel for the detection of deep moisture convection (DMC) on marked WV boundaries.
Presentation by Pieter Groenemeijer, director of ESSL, the European Severe Storms Laboratory about the activities.
Presentation by Pieter Groenemeijer, Director of ESSL, the European Severe Storms Laboratory. Pieter explained about the activities of ESSL and what the organization does for the meteorological community, such as supporting research in convective weather, offering a platform to discuss convective weather via the ECSS conferences and the operation of a European Severe Weather Database.
The EUMETCAL High Impact Weather group addressed a series of convective events over Europe during the summer 2010.
The EUMETCAL High Impact Weather group addressed a series of convective events over Europe between 5 and 9 August 2010. This events affected many countries from southern areas - Mediterranean/Balkans - to northern areas - Baltic/Scandinavia. In the 30 minute presentation the group analyzed the events, combining the analysis of convection, namely by satellite, with the impacts perspective.
Presentation with results on the occurences of overshooting tops in convective clouds in relation to severe weather.
Presentation given during the Convection Week 2011 by Petra Mikus, a young researcher from the Croatian Meteorological and Hydrological Service DHMZ. The presentation presents results on the occurrences of overshooting tops in convective clouds in relation to severe weather in Austria, Slovenia and Croatia.
This one hour lecture, held by Jose Prieto, is covering topic of solar satellite channels, mostly from SEVIRI instrument on board MSG.
This one hour lecture, held by Jose Prieto, is covering topic of solar satellite channels, mostly from SEVIRI instrument on board MSG. Of all twelve channels form SEVIRI these are the first four, with central wavelengths of 0.3-1.1; 0.6; 0.8 and 1.6 µm, respectively. First one is a high resolution broad band, second two are narrow band and the fourth one is a microphysics channel. There is significant correlation between channels 0.6 and 0.8 µm, where channel 1.6 µm is somewhat different from them. Also small correlation between solar and other thermal channels is discussed.
Some of the topics that are covered in this lecture are; Solar channels characteristics, Vegetation monitoring, Cloud phase and particle size, Sun glint occurrence and Aerosols. Questions like How to discern clouds from forest, how to find ice on planet Earth, how to avoid squinting on satellite images or escape the smoke of a fire are discussed and answered within all this topics.
Image enhancement is a process of image modification or improvement of its quality, the aim of which is to achieve a more pleasing appearance of the final image.
This short, but interesting and to all satellite community very useful lecture is brought by Martin Setvak.
Image enhancement is a process of image modification or improvement of its quality, the aim of which is to achieve a more pleasing appearance of the final image. However, in science, the main goal for image enhancement is to increase the interpretability of the image to a human eye and brain, typically focusing on a certain feature carried by the image.
Example of this kind of enhancement you can see in everyday use of digital cameras, which have some kind of built-in image enhancement (software based). So the \'raw\' images captured by the EM sensor can be further improved by simple computer post-processing (in other words - enhancement).
Processes of enhancement can be done with various methods, such as; histogram-based methods, curves adjustment, gamma function adjustment, noise reduction, utilization of advanced filters, etc. Also a few nice examples you can see here and taste the abilities of this kind of image improvement.
The scope for this 30 minutes lecture is to define origins of IR radiation and how it is measured by meteorological satellites.
Overview and application of infrared channels presented by Jan Kanak. The scope of this 30 minutes lecture is to define origins of IR radiation and how it is measured by meteorological satellites. Thermal radiation wavelengths are spread in wide interval from basically 1 µm up to 1000 µm, but in this case interest is only in middle IR (3 - 8 µm) and long IR (8 - 15 µm) spectrum.
Physical background and meteorological interpretation of satellite images is similar to all meteorological satellites, but in this lecture emphasis will be on those derived from SEVIRI instrument, on board MSG satellite. Some of the practical aspects of utilization of MSG SEVIRI data, examples and useful remarks on IR images visualization you can see here. IR imagery is historically very basic observation method of atmosphere and clouds, together with visible imagery.
For knowing which processes are present in the atmosphere good interpretation of WV satellite images is needed. For gathering information about water vapor, SEVIRI instrument on board MSG satellite is scanning atmosphere in two channels in water vapor absorption band; 6.2 and 7.3 µm.
WV images are like a footprint of absorption of radiation by a water vapor, which is the main absorber in the atmosphere. Therefore it is clear that understanding of these images can tell us a lot about footprint of atmosphere itself and about processes in it. For knowing which processes are present in the atmosphere good interpretation of WV satellite images is needed.
For gathering information about water vapor, SEVIRI instrument on board MSG satellite is scanning atmosphere in two channels in water vapor absorption band; 6.2 and 7.3 µm. Among these two WV channels, the radiation in channel 6.2 µm is more easily absorbed by water vapor and has a larger information content. Thus is called primary WV channel and is broadly used in image format for weather analysis and forecasting based on synoptic scale interpretation. 7.3 µm channel can also be used in operational forecasting environment for detecting mid-level moisture features associated with low-level thermodynamic conditions. Presenter for this one hour lesson is Christo Georgiev, from Bulgarian National Institute of Meteorology and Hydrology.
This lecture on absorption channels and IASI instrument on board MetOp satellite was held by Xavier Calbet from EUMETSAT.
This lecture on absorption channels and IASI instrument on board MetOp satellite was held by Xavier Calbet from EUMETSAT. MetOp is LEO polar orbiting satellite that is spinning around Earth at a height of approximately 800 km. IASI instrument is scanning atmosphere below him in mostly infra-red spectrum band, therefore it can detect emission/absorption of gases like CO2 and O3 quite good, due to their intrinsic physical properties. In that way you one can track these gases in the atmosphere and mark their spatial and temporal distribution.
Lecture starts with comprehensive physical background of radiation, with topic like absorption/emission of the atmosphere, properties of the black bodies (Sun and Earth) and EM waves, etc. which are crucial for understanding of instrument functioning. After that there is explanation of spectral band of IASI instrument, CO2 and O3 SEVIRI channels, followed by some examples of application areas of these.
Convective clouds can be characterized by three cloud top properties that can be detected by satellites and represented by respective tree RGB components which are discussed in the presentation.
Convective clouds can be characterized by three cloud top properties that can be detected by satellites and represented by respective tree RGB components;
1. Visible brightness, reflecting more solar radiation for thicker clouds with more water and ice (associated with RED color on RGB composites),
2. Cloud particle size and phase (water or ice), having larger drops with greater depth (associated with GREEN color on RGB composites).
3. Temperature, lover for higher tops (associated with BLUE color in RGB composites).
Microphysical processes within the clouds are specially discussed in this lecture, because they present great importance to the net reflectance of the clouds. Various combinations can be made of all the satellite channels to produce desired RGB combination (e.g. Airmass RGB and Dust RGB product) in order to track properties of interest like formation of fog, drizzle, rain clouds, intensive convective storms, etc. This presentation is given by Daniel Rosenfeld from Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Institute of Earth Sciences.
Because we don't know if the cloud observed from satellite is reaching ground or not, it is unrealistic to clam that we can identify fog only using satellite data.
Because we don't know if the cloud observed from satellite is reaching ground or not, it is unrealistic to clam that we can identify fog only using satellite data. Therefore presenter of this lecture is not presenting fog mapping derived only from satellite. Instead he is revealing cloud products extracted from MSG SEVIRI satellite imagery using NWCSAF software, concentrating on the fog or low level clouds category. Lecture is starting with some basic information about SAF nowcasting. After that main features of SAFNWC/MSG cloud algorithms, CM a (cloud mask), CT (cloud type) and CTTH (cloud top temperature and height) are given, step by step with validation results. Also there are examples with fog or low-level clouds situations, including example of automatic use for fog risk mapping.